The blood leaking from any blood vessels into the internal spaces of the body is referred as internal bleeding. Bruises are caused due to capillary bleeding in the skin and are not that serious. Deeper bleedings involving veins and arteries may result in major loss of blood that can even lead to shock.
Internal bleeding is caused due to serious injuries like violent force, deep cuts from sharp objects, fall from great heights, head injuries or jerks that may damage internal organs or blood vessels. The symptoms of internal bleeding are not that obvious as external bleeding. The person may appear normal externally, but if we cautiously observe, we can observe various signs and symptoms of internal bleeding.
Important Signs And Symptoms Of Internal Bleeding
Symptoms of internal bleeding are in accordance to the place and extent of bleeding, or functions and structures being affected. Hence, signs and symptoms vary with respect to area and extent of injury.
Intra Abdominal Bleeding
The internal abdominal bleeding may remain hidden and only cause pain. In case, there is severe blood loss, the affected individual may show signs of lightheadedness, weakness, shortness of breath, reduced blood pressure and shock symptoms. There could be many forms of intra abdominal bleeding.
Blood Spill Into Peritoneum
When internal bleeding spills into the peritoneum, it could lead to extreme pain with even a slight movement, abdomen becomes rigid and tense to touch as soft tissue of abdomen gets swollen. Sometimes, the bleeding may spread towards the skin that is easily detected on physical examination. When a bruising sign appear surrounding the umbilicus it is known as Cullen’s sign and bruising in the flank region is referred as grey turner sign.
Gastrointestinal Bleeding
During gastrointestinal bleeding, the patient spits or vomits out bright red or coffee ground color blood (when the blood has been in stomach for long).
Bowel movements are bloodier, black or tarry in appearance, depending upon the exact positioning of internal bleeding within the gastrointestinal tract.
Intracranial Bleeding
Internal bleeding of the brain resulting from a leaking aneurysm or trauma usually leads to pain, but can also cause modified mental function. On neurological examination, there could appear a quite normal results, confusion state or coma.
Intracranial bleeding may cause stroke with symptoms like slurred speech, weakness and loss of vision. In case, bleeding continues symptoms may rise progressively making it more obvious to recognize the condition.
Intramuscular Bleeding
With muscle injury, there is a possibility of internal bleeding deep within the muscles, leading to compartment syndrome. The syndrome occurs when extensive bleeding causes high pressure build up within the muscles that are greater than the individual’s blood pressure. As a result, blood no more reaches the muscle cells and start dying.
The symptoms associated include loss of sensation, difficult in movements beneath joints and intense pain. This is commonly observed in forearm and shin muscle, which may happen with or without a broken bone.
Bleeding Of Urinary Tract
Internal bleeding can happen anywhere in the urinary tract from kidney to bladder, majorily as a result of bladder infections. These bladder infections are majorily linked to passage of blood with urine, but there could also be other reasons for urinary tract bleeding.
In males with a recent prostate surgery or individuals who had undergone the radiation therapy inflammation of the bladder occurs, leading to high extent of internal bleeding.
Bleeding Of Joints
Internal bleeding of joints can lead to loss of certain movements and extreme pain. This is mostly seen in individuals who intake anticoagulant medications and can occur in presence or absence of any injury.
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